307. Burning audio CDs from the command line in debian testing/wheezy

I've got a CD burner on a headless box, so burning audio CDs from the command line is a necessity.

I also normally end up burning flash videos that I've converted to mp3s, so I'll show that too. This post is essentially covered (although not very well) already here: http://verahill.blogspot.com.au/2012/01/debian-testing-64-wheezy-small-fixes.html

First install the necessary programmes

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg wodim mpg123

---

Converting flv to mp3
To batch-convert flv files to mp3, do

ls *.flv|xargs -I {}  ffmpeg -i {} -ar 44100 -ab 160k -ac 2 {}.mp3

---

Preparing the files
Rename your files to 01.mp3, 02.mp3 etc. to make the songs burn in that order (since you're using *wav below).

Convert the mp3s to wav files (you could've gone straight from flv to wav above)

for i in *.mp3; do mpg123 --rate 44100 --stereo --buffer 3072 --resync -w "`basename "$i" .mp3`".wav "$i"; done

---

Burn
Burn with

wodim -v -pad speed=1 dev=/dev/cdrw1 -dao -swab *.wav

assuming that cdrw1 is the correct device.

Eject your cd when done.

eject cdrom1

Done.
[There's also no shortage of terminal music players, such as cplay.]

PS. You can burn anything you want from the command line using burn, e.g. an .iso file

sudo apt-get install burn
sudo burn -I -n myiso.iso

If the device you want to burn on is /dev/cdrom1 instead of /dev/cdrom, you can edit that in /etc/burn.conf

27. Linux: some applications

Here are some linux tools which I've found myself using:
_Terminal/cli_:
email -- mutt
chat -- mcabber
spreadsheet -- sc, sed + gawk, python
calculator -- bc
editing -- vim, nano
browser -- elinks
music -- cplay
plotting -- gnuplot
maths -- octave, maxima
Gnome (some of these I use only in the terminal, so I list them twice):
terminal -- guake
latex -- gvim, texmaker, latexilla
editing -- gvim, gedit
plotting -- gnuplot
maths -- octave, maxima
system stats -- conky
email -- evolution
chat -- gajim
browser -- chrome
video -- vlc
music -- mostly cplay in cli, but otherwise vlc
crypto -- truecrypt
password management -- keepassx
I probably spend 90% of my time using vim since, being a 'simple' editor, it's so versatile. Before taking the time to learn vim, I used gedit (and to a smaller extent nano) for the same purpose. Nano is fine, but vim is more ubiquitous (in the form of vi) and has an excellent tutorial included. I simply don't know what the full capabilities of nano are -- maybe it's only as powerful as, say, notepad, or maybe it can do everything vim can.
I gave emacs a serious try about a year ago, and it didn't suit me. I do appreciate that emacs can be considered as an OS almost in itself, but since I believe in the idea of one program - one task, and find vim more user-friendly (not meaning learner-friendly, although it is too) I felt more motivated to get serious with vim. Two weeks with emacs brought me to the same level as two rather relaxed evenings with vim.

23. Configuring Mutt for two IMAP accounts

Edit: fastmail configuration added -- see beneath original post

Here's my situation: I have a personal gmail account, and a google apps gmail account via my job.

A lot of the configuration stuff (gpg in particular) was copy/pasted from some website a few years ago. Kudos to them. If I only remembered who they were, I'd give credit where credit is due.

Since I'm paranoid about protecting my identitity, let's say that the google apps account is vera@hill.com and my gmail account is verahill@gmail.com (it isn't).

Here's how it can be done:
1. create ~/.mutt
2. You want to create the following files in ~/.mutt :
private.account
work.account
muttrc


Optional:
aliases

signature.private
signature.work

3. Here are the contents of the files (the passwords are from http://xkcd.com/936/):

~/.mutt/private.account:

set from=verahill@gmail.com

set hostname="gmail.com"

unset folder

set folder="imaps://verahill@gmail.com@imap.gmail.com"

set postponed="=Drafts"

set record="=Sent"

set smtp_url="smtps://verahill@gmail.com@smtp.gmail.com"

set spoolfile="imaps://imap.gmail.com/INBOX"

set from='Vera Hill <verahill@gmail.com>'

set signature="~/.mutt/signature.private"

~/.mutt/work.account:

set from=vera@hill.com

set hostname="hill.com"

unset folder

set folder="imaps://vera@hill.com@imap.gmail.com"

set smtp_url="smtps://vera@hill.com@smtp.gmail.com"

set from='Vera Hill <vera@hill.com'

set realname='Vera Hill'

set postponed="=Drafts"

set record="=Sent"

set spoolfile="imaps://imap.gmail.com/INBOX"

set signature="~/.mutt/signature.private"

basic ~/.mutt/muttrc: 

set header_cache=~/.mutt/cache/headers

set message_cachedir=~/.mutt/cache/bodies

set certificate_file=~/.mutt/certificates

set sort='threads'

set sort_aux='last-date-received'

set imap_check_subscribed

auto_view text/html #needs ~/.mailcap and install elinks!

set attribution="* %n <%a> wrote\a ecrit:\n"

set pager_index_lines="15" #split view 

# Make sure the inbox updates and bind a key

set timeout=15

set mail_check=60

bind index "i" imap-fetch-mail

#dual boxes specific

macro index <f3> '<sync-mailbox><enter-command>source ~/.mutt/private.account<enter><change-folder>!<enter>'

macro index <f4> '<sync-mailbox><enter-command>source ~/.mutt/work.account<enter><change-folder>!<enter>'

folder-hook 'verahill@gmail.com' 'source ~/.mutt/private.account'

folder-hook 'vera@hill.com' 'source ~/.mutt/work.account'

account-hook imaps://verahill@gmail.com 'set imap_user=verahill@gmail.com imap_pass=correcthorsebatterystaple smtp_pass=correcthorsebatterystaple'

account-hook imaps://vera@hill.com 'set imap_user=vera@hill.com imap_pass=Tr0ub4dor&3 smtp_pass=Tr0ub4dor&3'

source ~/.mutt/private.account # default account

~/.mailcap:

#allows viewing html, but requires that elinks is installed
text/html;                      elinks %s; nametemplate=%s.html
text/html;                      elinks -dump %s; nametemplate=%s.html; copiousoutput

You can do a lot more -- if you want to use an address book (aliases), create a file called ~/.mutt/aliases with each line having an alias of the format:

alias  Obama "Barak Obama" <potus@whitehouse.gov>

Add the following to the end of your muttrc:

 # Addressbook

set alias_file=~/.mutt/aliases

set sort_alias=alias

set reverse_alias=yes

source $alias_file

If you want to use GPG add this to your muttrc (anywhere) and the ID of your key is C1C2C3C4:

# GPG stuff - autosign

set pgp_decode_command="gpg %?p?--passphrase-fd 0? --no-verbose --batch --output - %f"

set pgp_verify_command="gpg --no-verbose --batch --output - --verify %s %f"

set pgp_decrypt_command="gpg --passphrase-fd 0 --no-verbose --batch --output - %f"

set pgp_sign_command="gpg --no-verbose --batch --output - --passphrase-fd 0 --armor --detach-sign --textmode %?a?-u %a? %f"

set pgp_clearsign_command="gpg --no-verbose --batch --output - --passphrase-fd 0 --armor --textmode --clearsign %?a?-u %a? %f"

set pgp_encrypt_only_command="pgpewrap gpg --batch --quiet --no-verbose --output - --encrypt --textmode --armor --always-trust --encrypt-to 0xC1C2C3C4 -- -r %r -- %f"

set pgp_encrypt_sign_command="pgpewrap gpg --passphrase-fd 0 --batch --quiet --no-verbose --textmode --output - --encrypt --sign %?a?-u %a? --armor --always-trust --encrypt-to 0xC1C2C3C4 -- -r %r -- %f"

set pgp_import_command="gpg --no-verbose --import -v %f"

set pgp_export_command="gpg --no-verbose --export --armor %r"

set pgp_verify_key_command="gpg --no-verbose --batch --fingerprint --check-sigs %r"

set pgp_list_pubring_command="gpg --no-verbose --batch --with-colons --list-keys %r" 

set pgp_list_secring_command="gpg --no-verbose --batch --with-colons --list-secret-keys %r" 

set pgp_autosign=yes

set pgp_sign_as=0xC1C2C3C4

set pgp_replyencrypt=yes

set pgp_timeout=1800

set pgp_good_sign="^gpg: Good signature from"

If you prefer vim to nano:

set editor="vim -c 'set tw=70 et' '+/^$' "

set edit_headers=yes

A colour-scheme which happens to work with my set-up for guake:

color index green black plain

color normal green black

color status white black

color body green black plain

color header cyan black plain

color quoted blue black

color tree green black

Not sure what this does (something to do with headers) but it's there in my file:

ignore "Authentication-Results:"

ignore "DomainKey-Signature:"

ignore "DKIM-Signature"

hdr_order Date From To Cc

EDIT:

If you want to add a fastmail account (in my case me@imap.cc), do this:
There's no free smtp service from fastmail, so I use the gmail smtp service

Create imapcc.account in ~/.mutt and fill it with

set from=me@imap.cc
set hostname="imap.cc"
unset folder
set folder="imaps://me@imap.cc@messagingengine.com"
set postponed="=Drafts"
set record="=Sent"
set smtp_url="smtps://verahill@gmail.com@smtp.gmail.com"
set spoolfile="imaps://messagingengine.com/INBOX"
set from='Me at gmail <verahill@gmail.com>'
set signature="~/.mutt/signature.private"

and edit ~/.mutt/muttrc to add the following lines:

macro index <f5> '<sync-mailbox><enter-command>source ~/.mutt/imapcc.account<enter><change-folder>!<enter>'

folder-hook 'me@imap.cc' 'source ~/.mutt/imapcc.account'
account-hook imaps://me@imap.cc 'set imap_user=me@imap.cc imap_pass=ashortpassword smtp_pass=correhorsebatterystaple'